Permitting in Michigan is governed by the Michigan Building Code (MBC), which adopts and amends the International Building Code (IBC) and International Residential Code (IRC). Enforcement is largely local, though the state requires municipalities with sufficient population to administer the code.
Contractors should anticipate unique requirements around energy efficiency, Great Lakes shoreline protection, and snow load considerations depending on the project’s location.
Who issues building permits in Michigan?
Permits are typically issued by city, township, or county building departments. Larger municipalities maintain their own building inspection divisions, while smaller townships may contract with county offices.
Examples of issuing authorities include:
- City of Detroit – Buildings, Safety Engineering, and Environmental Department (BSEED)
- Grand Rapids Development Center
- Oakland County Building Division
- Macomb County Department of Public Works
- Local township building departments (for unincorporated areas)
If a municipality does not enforce the code, the State of Michigan Bureau of Construction Codes (BCC) may assume authority.
When do you need a building permit in Michigan?
In most jurisdictions, permits are required for:
- New residential or commercial buildings
- Additions, remodels, and major renovations
- Structural changes, including roofing and siding replacements
- Decks, garages, pole barns, and accessory structures
- Electrical, plumbing, and mechanical installations or upgrades
- Demolition projects
- Basement finishing or conversions
- Solar, wind, and geothermal system installations
Exempt projects may include: cosmetic work such as painting, flooring, cabinetry, or small detached sheds/play structures (depending on size).
Michigan building permit requirements
Typical permit application requirements include:
- Completed application form (available online in many municipalities)
- Construction drawings (sealed by a licensed architect or engineer for commercial or complex projects)
- Site plan showing setbacks, utilities, and existing structures
- Contractor license and insurance documentation
- Energy code compliance information for new construction or significant remodels
- Estimated project cost or valuation
Additional required documentation may include:
- Soil or foundation reports in areas with poor soil conditions
- Shoreline development permits for projects near the Great Lakes or inland lakes and rivers
- Floodplain permits if located in FEMA-mapped areas
- Historic preservation approvals in designated districts
Michigan building permit costs
Permit fees vary by jurisdiction and are typically based on valuation, square footage, or flat trade fees.
Typical ranges include:
- Residential new construction: $1,000-$3,500, depending on size and municipality
- Commercial projects: $5,000+ for mid-size builds, with additional plan review and fire safety fees
- Trade permits (electrical, mechanical, plumbing): $50-$300 each
- Flat-rate permits: $50-$200 for smaller projects such as roofing or siding
- Impact or connection fees: May apply in growing suburban areas for water, sewer, or road improvements
Example: The City of Grand Rapids calculates fees based on valuation with added plan review charges.
Unique considerations when permitting in Michigan
Great Lakes shoreline rules
Projects near shorelines may require additional permits through the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE).
Snow load and frost protection
Northern and Upper Peninsula projects must meet stricter standards for snow loads and foundation depth.
Historic districts
Many Michigan cities have historic preservation boards that require additional design approvals.
Wetlands and inland lakes
Construction impacting wetlands, rivers, or lakes often requires state environmental permits.
Split state-local enforcement
Some rural townships rely on state BCC oversight, requiring contractors to coordinate across agencies.
How to get a building permit in Michigan
The permitting process generally follows these steps:
- Determine jurisdiction – Check if the project falls under city, township, county, or state (BCC) authority.
- Zoning approval – Verify setbacks, use allowances, and property restrictions.
- Prepare documents – Construction drawings, site plan, and supporting documentation.
- Submit application – Often through local online portals or in person at the building department.
- Plan review – Conducted by building officials, zoning staff, and possibly fire or environmental reviewers.
- Pay permit fees – Based on valuation, size, or flat trade fees.
- Receive permit – Must be displayed on-site before work begins.
- Inspections – Scheduled throughout the project (footings, framing, electrical, plumbing, mechanical, and final).
